AFTER a mare gives birth, it is essential to examine the placenta to ensure the health of both the mare and the newborn foal. The placenta plays a crucial role in pregnancy, and any abnormalities can indicate potential complications, such as infection, retained placenta, or poor foetal development.

Steps for thoroughly examining the placenta post-partum

1. Ensure complete expulsion

The placenta should be expelled within three hours of foaling. A retained placenta can lead to serious health risks, including uterine infection and laminitis. If the placenta is not fully delivered within this time-frame, veterinary assistance is required.

2. Lay it out for inspection

Spread the placenta on a clean surface in an “F” or “Y” shape to examine it thoroughly. The two main parts to check are the chorioallantois (red, velvety side) and the amnion (thin, white membrane surrounding the foal).

3. Check for completeness

The placenta should be intact, with both horns of the uterus present. A missing portion, particularly the tip of the non-pregnant horn, suggests retained tissue, which can cause infection or delayed uterine recovery.

4. Assess colour and consistency

A healthy placenta is dark red and uniform in texture. Pale or discoloured areas may indicate placentitis (infection), while thickened sections may suggest inflammation. A foul smell can also signal infection.

5. Look for abnormalities

Signs of trouble include excessive thickening, haemorrhages, or signs of premature separation. These may indicate conditions such as placental insufficiency, which could affect the foal’s health.

If any abnormalities are found, contact a veterinarian immediately. Proper placenta examination helps prevent post-partum complications, ensuring the mare’s recovery and the foal’s health.